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Title: Dose-dependent pharmacokinetics of toxic metabolites is not related to increased toxicity following high-dose valproic acid in rats.
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Title: Formulations of valproate alter valproate metabolism: a single oral dose kinetic study.
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Title: The relationship between glucuronide conjugate levels and hepatotoxicity after oral administration of valproic acid.
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Title: Pyruvate uptake is inhibited by valproic acid and metabolites in mitochondrial membranes.
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Title: Quantification of valproic acid and its metabolite 2-propyl-4-pentenoic acid in human plasma using HPLC-MS/MS.
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Title: Contribution of CYP2C9, CYP2A6, and CYP2B6 to valproic acid metabolism in hepatic microsomes from individuals with the CYP2C9*1/*1 genotype.
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Title: Histone deacetylases inhibition and tumor cells cytotoxicity by CNS-active VPA constitutional isomers and derivatives.
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Title: Science review: carnitine in the treatment of valproic acid-induced toxicity - what is the evidence?
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Title: Examining the correlations between GSK-3 inhibitory properties and anti-convulsant efficacy of valproate and valproate-related compounds.
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Title: Differential effect of valproate and its Delta2- and Delta4-unsaturated metabolites, on the beta-oxidation rate of long-chain and medium-chain fatty acids.
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Title: Fluorinated analogues as mechanistic probes in valproic acid hepatotoxicity: hepatic microvesicular steatosis and glutathione status.
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Title: Alteration of embryonic folate metabolism by valproic acid during organogenesis: implications for mechanism of teratogenesis.
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Title: Valproate metabolites in serum and urine during antiepileptic therapy in children with infantile spasms: abnormal metabolite pattern associated with reversible hepatotoxicity.
Journal: Epilepsia 19920101
Title: On the development of alternative antiepileptic drugs. Lack of enantioselectivity of the anticonvulsant activity, in contrast to teratogenicity, of 2-n-propyl-4-pentenoic acid and 2-n-propyl-4-pentynoic acid, analogues of the anticonvulsant drug valproic acid.
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Title: Asymmetric synthesis and enantioselective teratogenicity of 2-n-propyl-4-pentenoic acid (4-en-VPA), an active metabolite of the anticonvulsant drug, valproic acid.
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