2465-59-0,MFCD00056934
Catalog No.:AA002OVA

2465-59-0 | 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-4,6-diol

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Purity
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250mg
98%
in stock  
$25.00   $18.00
- +
1g
98%
in stock  
$68.00   $48.00
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5g
98%
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$191.00   $134.00
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  • Technical Information
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Technical Information
Catalog Number:
AA002OVA
Chemical Name:
1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-4,6-diol
CAS Number:
2465-59-0
Molecular Formula:
C5H4N4O2
Molecular Weight:
152.1109
MDL Number:
MFCD00056934
SMILES:
O=c1[nH]c(=O)c2c([nH]1)[nH]nc2
NSC Number:
76239
Properties
Properties
 
BP:
662.9°C at 760 mmHg  
Form:
Solid  
MP:
300 °C  
Refractive Index:
1.8500 (estimate)  
Solubility:
Soluble in DMSO.  
Storage:
Keep in dry area;Room Temperature;  

Computed Properties
 
Complexity:
217  
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:
1  
Heavy Atom Count:
11  
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:
3  
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:
3  
XLogP3:
-0.9  

Literature

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Journal: PloS one 20170101

Title: Allopurinol induces innate immune responses through mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in HL-60 cells.

Journal: Journal of applied toxicology : JAT 20160901

Title: Allopurinol and oxypurinol promote osteoblast differentiation and increase bone formation.

Journal: Experimental cell research 20160315

Title: Systemic drugs inducing non-immediate cutaneous adverse reactions and contact sensitizers evoke similar responses in THP-1 cells.

Journal: Journal of applied toxicology : JAT 20150401

Title: Inhibition of xanthine oxidase reduces wasting and improves outcome in a rat model of cancer cachexia.

Journal: International journal of cancer 20121101

Title: Inhibition of XO or NOX attenuates diethylstilbestrol-induced endothelial nitric oxide deficiency without affecting its effects on LNCaP cell invasion and apoptosis.

Journal: Clinical science (London, England : 1979) 20121001

Title: The pharmacokinetics of oxypurinol in people with gout.

Journal: British journal of clinical pharmacology 20120901

Title: Furosemide increases plasma oxypurinol without lowering serum urate--a complex drug interaction: implications for clinical practice.

Journal: Rheumatology (Oxford, England) 20120901

Title: Stereoselective total synthesis of the acetylenic carotenoids alloxanthin and triophaxanthin.

Journal: Organic & biomolecular chemistry 20120528

Title: Oxypurinol, allopurinol and allopurinol-1-riboside in plasma following an acute overdose of allopurinol in a patient with advanced chronic kidney disease.

Journal: British journal of clinical pharmacology 20120501

Title: Relationships among hyperuricemia, endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications.

Journal: Journal of cardiology 20120501

Title: Novel role of NOX in supporting aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells with mitochondrial dysfunction and as a potential target for cancer therapy.

Journal: PLoS biology 20120501

Title: Oxidative and nitrosative stress in acute pancreatitis. Modulation by pentoxifylline and oxypurinol.

Journal: Biochemical pharmacology 20120101

Title: Two brothers with skewed thiopurine metabolism in ulcerative colitis treated successfully with allopurinol and mercaptopurine dose reduction.

Journal: Digestive diseases and sciences 20120101

Title: Non-photochemical quenching in cryptophyte alga Rhodomonas salina is located in chlorophyll a/c antennae.

Journal: PloS one 20120101

Title: Gout and the risk for incident heart failure and systolic dysfunction.

Journal: BMJ open 20120101

Title: Different inhibitory potency of febuxostat towards mammalian and bacterial xanthine oxidoreductases: insight from molecular dynamics.

Journal: Scientific reports 20120101

Title: Development of film dosage form containing allopurinol for prevention and treatment of oral mucositis.

Journal: ISRN pharmaceutics 20120101

Title: Prevention of postoperative atrial fibrillation: novel and safe strategy based on the modulation of the antioxidant system.

Journal: Frontiers in physiology 20120101

Title: Hypoxic-ischemic injury in the developing brain: the role of reactive oxygen species originating in mitochondria.

Journal: Neurology research international 20120101

Title: Benthic cyanobacterial mats in the high arctic: multi-layer structure and fluorescence responses to osmotic stress.

Journal: Frontiers in microbiology 20120101

Title: Redox proteomics identification of oxidatively modified myocardial proteins in human heart failure: implications for protein function.

Journal: PloS one 20120101

Title: Oxidative stress and heart failure in altered thyroid States.

Journal: TheScientificWorldJournal 20120101

Title: Xanthine oxidase and uric Acid in atrial fibrillation.

Journal: Frontiers in physiology 20120101

Title: An unusual presentation of tumor lysis syndrome in a patient with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma: case report and literature review.

Journal: Case reports in medicine 20120101

Title: Mechanism of oxidative stress in neurodegeneration.

Journal: Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 20120101

Title: Allopurinol-induced DRESS syndrome.

Journal: Indian journal of pharmacology 20120101

Title: Eicosapentaenoic acid and oxypurinol in the treatment of muscle wasting in a mouse model of cancer cachexia.

Journal: PloS one 20120101

Title: 4-Amino-6-hydroxypyrazolo [3,4-d]pyrimidine (AHPP) conjugated PEG micelles: water soluble polymeric xanthine oxidase inhibitor.

Journal: Journal of drug targeting 20111201

Title: Abstracts of the 6th cachexia conference, milan, Italy, december 8-10, 2011.

Journal: Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle 20111201

Title: HZE ⁵⁶Fe-ion irradiation induces endothelial dysfunction in rat aorta: role of xanthine oxidase.

Journal: Radiation research 20111001

Title: Amelioration of ischemia-reperfusion injury in an isolated rabbit lung model using OXANOH.

Journal: Vascular and endovascular surgery 20111001

Title: Relationship between serum urate and plasma oxypurinol in the management of gout: determination of minimum plasma oxypurinol concentration to achieve a target serum urate level.

Journal: Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics 20110901

Title: Improving the use of allopurinol in chronic gout: monitoring oxypurinol levels to guide therapy.

Journal: Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics 20110901

Title: Allopurinol reduces the lethality associated with acute renal failure induced by Crotalus durissus terrificus snake venom: comparison with probenecid.

Journal: PLoS neglected tropical diseases 20110901

Title: Nox2-derived ROS in PPARγ signaling and cell-cycle progression of lung alveolar epithelial cells.

Journal: Free radical biology & medicine 20110801

Title: Lack of effect of hydrochlorothiazide and low-dose aspirin on the renal clearance of urate and oxypurinol after a single dose of allopurinol in normal volunteers.

Journal: European journal of clinical pharmacology 20110701

Title: High light stress and the one-helix LHC-like proteins of the cryptophyte Guillardia theta.

Journal: Biochimica et biophysica acta 20110701

Title: Febuxostat inhibition of endothelial-bound XO: implications for targeting vascular ROS production.

Journal: Free radical biology & medicine 20110701

Title: A new method for the quantification of superoxide dismutase mimics with an allopurinol-xanthine oxidase-lucigenin enhanced system.

Journal: Journal of biological inorganic chemistry : JBIC : a publication of the Society of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 20110601

Title: Effects of bovine milk ingestion on urinary excretion of oxypurinol and uric acid.

Journal: International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics 20110601

Title: A repeated oral administration study of febuxostat (TMX-67), a non-purine-selective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, in patients with impaired renal function in Japan: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study.

Journal: Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases 20110601

Title: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction between allopurinol and probenecid in patients with gout.

Journal: The Journal of rheumatology 20110501

Title: Target validation: linking target and chemical properties to desired product profile.

Journal: Current topics in medicinal chemistry 20110501

Title: Inhibition of xanthine oxidase reduces hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and improves mitochondrial alterations in skeletal muscle of diabetic mice.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism 20110301

Title: The role of vascular myoglobin in nitrite-mediated blood vessel relaxation.

Journal: Cardiovascular research 20110215

Title: Using allopurinol above the dose based on creatinine clearance is effective and safe in patients with chronic gout, including those with renal impairment.

Journal: Arthritis and rheumatism 20110201

Title: 2-Deoxy-D-glucose treatment of endothelial cells induces autophagy by reactive oxygen species-mediated activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase.

Journal: PloS one 20110101

Title: A linguistic rule-based approach to extract drug-drug interactions from pharmacological documents.

Journal: BMC bioinformatics 20110101

Title: Evolution of light-harvesting complex proteins from Chl c-containing algae.

Journal: BMC evolutionary biology 20110101

Title: Postmyocardial infarct remodeling and heart failure: potential contributions from pro- and antiaging factors.

Journal: Cardiology research and practice 20110101

Title: Carotenoids in marine animals.

Journal: Marine drugs 20110101

Title: Impairment by hypoxia or hypoxia/reoxygenation of nitric oxide-mediated relaxation in isolated monkey coronary artery: the role of intracellular superoxide.

Journal: Journal of pharmacological sciences 20110101

Title: Tophaceous gout and renal insufficiency: a new solution for an old therapeutic dilemma.

Journal: Case reports in medicine 20110101

Title: Carotenoids in algae: distributions, biosyntheses and functions.

Journal: Marine drugs 20110101

Title: Chronic kidney disease in gout in a managed care setting.

Journal: BMC nephrology 20110101

Title: Carotenoids in marine invertebrates living along the Kuroshio current coast.

Journal: Marine drugs 20110101

Title: Does allopurinol prevent post endoscopic retrograde cholangio- pancreatography pancreatitis? A randomized double blind trial.

Journal: Acta medica Iranica 20110101

Title: Allopurinol causing drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome: a challenging diagnosis.

Journal: International journal of general medicine 20110101

Title: Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of the methanolic extracts of selected Jordanian medicinal plants.

Journal: Pharmacognosy magazine 20110101

Title: Inactivation of adenosine A2A receptor attenuates basal and angiotensin II-induced ROS production by Nox2 in endothelial cells.

Journal: The Journal of biological chemistry 20101217

Title: Allopurinol does not decrease blood pressure or prevent the development of hypertension in the deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt rat model.

Journal: Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology 20101201

Title: Pharmacological neuroprotection after perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.

Journal: Current neuropharmacology 20101201

Title: Allopurinol reduces oxidative stress in the ovine fetal cardiovascular system after repeated episodes of ischemia-reperfusion.

Journal: Pediatric research 20101101

Title: Comparative pharmacology of chemically distinct NADPH oxidase inhibitors.

Journal: British journal of pharmacology 20101001

Title: Oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in aortas of aged spontaneously hypertensive rats by NOX1/2 is reversed by NADPH oxidase inhibition.

Journal: Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) 20100901

Title: Measurement of urinary oxypurinol by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Journal: Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences 20100901

Title: Abstracts of the 5(th) Cachexia Conference, Barcelona, Spain, December 5-8, 2009.

Journal: Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle 20100901

Title: Effect of high-dose allopurinol on exercise in patients with chronic stable angina: a randomised, placebo controlled crossover trial.

Journal: Lancet (London, England) 20100619

Title: Delayed treatment effects of xanthine oxidase inhibition on systolic overload-induced left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction.

Journal: Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids 20100601

Title: Ischemia-reperfusion injury of the cochlea: pharmacological strategies for cochlear protection and implications of glutamate and reactive oxygen species.

Journal: Current neuropharmacology 20100601

Title: Carotenoids in clams, Ruditapes philippinarum and Meretrix petechialis.

Journal: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20100512

Title: Dietary inhibition of xanthine oxidase attenuates radiation-induced endothelial dysfunction in rat aorta.

Journal: Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) 20100501

Title: Caloric restriction reverses high-fat diet-induced endothelial dysfunction and vascular superoxide production in C57Bl/6 mice.

Journal: Heart and vessels 20100501

Title: Involvement of NADPH oxidase in age-associated cardiac remodeling.

Journal: Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 20100401

Title: Tissue protective effect of xanthine oxidase inhibitor, polymer conjugate of (styrene-maleic acid copolymer) and (4-amino-6-hydroxypyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine), on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Journal: Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) 20100401

Title: NOX2 is the primary source of angiotensin II-induced superoxide in the macula densa.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology 20100301

Title: Mechanism of neurodegeneration of neurons with mitochondrial DNA mutations.

Journal: Brain : a journal of neurology 20100301

Title: Sildenafil protects epithelial cell through the inhibition of xanthine oxidase and the impairment of ROS production.

Journal: Free radical research 20100201

Title: Effect of xanthine oxidase-generated extracellular superoxide on skeletal muscle force generation.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology 20100101

Title: Management of hyperuricemia in gout: focus on febuxostat.

Journal: Clinical interventions in aging 20100101

Title: Oxidative stress in NSC-741909-induced apoptosis of cancer cells.

Journal: Journal of translational medicine 20100101

Title: Redox regulation of the AMP-activated protein kinase.

Journal: PloS one 20100101

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Journal: Therapeutics and clinical risk management 20100101

Title: Skeletal muscle NADPH oxidase is increased and triggers stretch-induced damage in the mdx mouse.

Journal: PloS one 20100101

Title: NADPH oxidase 2-derived reactive oxygen species mediate FFAs-induced dysfunction and apoptosis of β-cells via JNK, p38 MAPK and p53 pathways.

Journal: PloS one 20100101

Title: Allopurinol and global left myocardial function in heart failure patients.

Journal: Journal of cardiovascular disease research 20100101

Title: Signaling of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in Diabetes mellitus.

Journal: Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 20100101

Title: Advances in the management of gout: critical appraisal of febuxostat in the control of hyperuricemia.

Journal: International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease 20100101

Title: New and improved strategies for the treatment of gout.

Journal: International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease 20100101

Title: Influence on energy kinetics and histology of different preservation solutions seen during cold ischemia in the liver.

Journal: Transplantation proceedings 20091201

Title: Coccomyxa sp. (chlorophyta: chlorococcales), a new pathogen in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) of Vigo estuary (Galicia, NW Spain).

Journal: Journal of invertebrate pathology 20091101

Title: Preservation of cardiac contractility after long-term therapy with oxypurinol in post-ischemic heart failure in mice.

Journal: European journal of pharmacology 20091025

Title: Adenosine neuromodulation and traumatic brain injury.

Journal: Current neuropharmacology 20090901

Title: Maternal allopurinol during fetal hypoxia lowers cord blood levels of the brain injury marker S-100B.

Journal: Pediatrics 20090701

Title: The OPT-CHF (Oxypurinol Therapy for Congestive Heart Failure) trial: a question of dose.

Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology 20090623

Title: A randomised controlled trial on the efficacy and tolerability with dose escalation of allopurinol 300-600 mg/day versus benzbromarone 100-200 mg/day in patients with gout.

Journal: Annals of the rheumatic diseases 20090601

Title: Simultaneous electrochemical monitoring of metabolites related to the xanthine oxidase pathway using a grinded carbon electrode.

Journal: Analytical chemistry 20090601

Title: Palmitate induces insulin resistance in H4IIEC3 hepatocytes through reactive oxygen species produced by mitochondria.

Journal: The Journal of biological chemistry 20090529

Title: [A fatal case of drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome due to allopurinol].

Journal: Arerugi = [Allergy] 20090501

Title: Biochemical and mechanical dysfunction in a mouse model of desmin-related myopathy.

Journal: Circulation research 20090424

Title: Acrolein activates matrix metalloproteinases by increasing reactive oxygen species in macrophages.

Journal: Toxicology and applied pharmacology 20090415

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Journal: Journal of structural and functional genomics 20090401

Title: A critical reappraisal of allopurinol dosing, safety, and efficacy for hyperuricemia in gout.

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Title: Rat ventral prostate xanthine oxidase-mediated metabolism of acetaldehyde to acetyl radical.

Journal: Human & experimental toxicology 20090401

Title: Mechanism of Substrate and Inhibitor Binding of Rhodobacter capsulatus Xanthine Dehydrogenase.

Journal: The Journal of biological chemistry 20090327

Title: Ketohexokinase-dependent metabolism of fructose induces proinflammatory mediators in proximal tubular cells.

Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN 20090301

Title: Xanthine oxidase contributes to mechanical ventilation-induced diaphragmatic oxidative stress and contractile dysfunction.

Journal: Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) 20090201

Title: Role of neuronal NO synthase in regulating vascular superoxide levels and mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation.

Journal: Cardiovascular research 20090201

Title: Pulmonary vasodilator responses to sodium nitrite are mediated by an allopurinol-sensitive mechanism in the rat.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 20090201

Title: Allopurinol-induced aplastic anemia in a patient with chronic kidney disease.

Journal: Clinical nephrology 20090201

Title: NADPH oxidase has a directional response to shear stress.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 20090101

Title: Site directed mutagenesis of amino acid residues at the active site of mouse aldehyde oxidase AOX1.

Journal: PloS one 20090101

Title: Role of urate, xanthine oxidase and the effects of allopurinol in vascular oxidative stress.

Journal: Vascular health and risk management 20090101

Title: Effects of allopurinol and vitamin E on renal function in patients with cardiac coronary artery bypass grafts.

Journal: Vascular health and risk management 20090101

Title: Gout. Novel therapies for treatment of gout and hyperuricemia.

Journal: Arthritis research & therapy 20090101

Title: Bench-to-bedside review: Diaphragm muscle function in disuse and acute high-dose corticosteroid treatment.

Journal: Critical care (London, England) 20090101

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Title: The role of urate and xanthine oxidase in vascular oxidative stress: future directions.

Journal: Therapeutics and clinical risk management 20090101

Title: The potential for xanthine oxidase inhibition in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.

Journal: Cardiovascular psychiatry and neurology 20090101

Title: Febuxostat: the evidence for its use in the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout.

Journal: Core evidence 20090101

Title: Oxidative stress as a mediator of cardiovascular disease.

Journal: Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 20090101

Title: Effect of hypouricaemic and hyperuricaemic drugs on the renal urate efflux transporter, multidrug resistance protein 4.

Journal: British journal of pharmacology 20081201

Title: Placental transfer and pharmacokinetics of allopurinol in late pregnant sows and their fetuses.

Journal: Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics 20081201

Title: Febuxostat in the management of hyperuricemia and chronic gout: a review.

Journal: Therapeutics and clinical risk management 20081201

Title: Ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats affects hydraulic conductivity in two phases that are temporally and mechanistically separate.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 20081101

Title: Xanthine oxidase inhibition with febuxostat attenuates systolic overload-induced left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction in mice.

Journal: Journal of cardiac failure 20081101

Title: Effects of dietary sodium on reactive oxygen species formation and endothelial dysfunction in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice on high-fat diet.

Journal: Heart and vessels 20081101

Title: Role of xanthine oxidase activation and reduced glutathione depletion in rhinovirus induction of inflammation in respiratory epithelial cells.

Journal: The Journal of biological chemistry 20081017

Title: Dissociation between superoxide accumulation and nitroglycerin-induced tolerance.

Journal: The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics 20081001

Title: Pigment alterations in the brown mussel Perna perna.

Journal: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & molecular biology 20080801

Title: Phytoplankton abundance and pigment biomarkers in the oligotrophic, eastern Adriatic estuary.

Journal: Environmental monitoring and assessment 20080701

Title: Nitric oxide production from nitrite occurs primarily in tissues not in the blood: critical role of xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase.

Journal: The Journal of biological chemistry 20080627

Title: Impact of oxypurinol in patients with symptomatic heart failure. Results of the OPT-CHF study.

Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology 20080617

Title: The ongoing search for a stratified medicine approach in heart failure.

Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology 20080617

Title: Xanthine dehydrogenase processes retinol to retinoic acid in human mammary epithelial cells.

Journal: Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry 20080601

Title: Effects of allopurinol on beer-induced increases in plasma concentrations of purine bases and uridine.

Journal: Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids 20080601

Title: Mechanism of inhibition of xanthine oxidoreductase by allopurinol: crystal structure of reduced bovine milk xanthine oxidoreductase bound with oxipurinol.

Journal: Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids 20080601

Title: Characterization and kinetics of the major purine transporters in Aspergillus fumigatus.

Journal: Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B 20080401

Title: Potential sources of oxidative stress that induce postexercise proteinuria in rats.

Journal: Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) 20080401

Title: Xanthine oxidase interaction with vascular endothelial growth factor in human endothelial cell angiogenesis.

Journal: Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994) 20080401

Title: Optimizing therapy with allopurinol: factors limiting hypouricemic efficacy.

Journal: The American journal of the medical sciences 20080301

Title: Pitfalls, prevention, and treatment of hyperuricemia during tumor lysis syndrome in the era of rasburicase (recombinant urate oxidase).

Journal: Biologics : targets & therapy 20080301

Title: Chronic xanthine oxidase inhibition following myocardial infarction in rabbits: effects of early versus delayed treatment.

Journal: Life sciences 20080227

Title: Higher therapeutic plasma oxypurinol concentrations might be required for gouty patients with chronic kidney disease.

Journal: Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases 20080201

Title: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction between allopurinol and probenecid in healthy subjects.

Journal: Clinical pharmacokinetics 20080101

Title: Suppressive effects of alloxanthin and diatoxanthin from Halocynthia roretzi on LPS-induced expression of pro-inflammatory genes in RAW264.7 cells.

Journal: Journal of oleo science 20080101

Title: Allopurinol-induced recurrent DRESS syndrome: pathophysiology and treatment.

Journal: Renal failure 20080101

Title: The role of urate and xanthine oxidase inhibitors in cardiovascular disease.

Journal: Cardiovascular therapeutics 20080101

Title: Kinetics and ligand-binding preferences of Mycobacterium tuberculosis thymidylate synthases, ThyA and ThyX.

Journal: PloS one 20080101

Title: [Usefulness of combination treatment using allopurinol and benzbromarone for gout and hyperuricemia accompanying renal dysfunction: kinetic analysis of oxypurinol].

Journal: Nihon Jinzo Gakkai shi 20080101

Title: Advanced glycation end products and the absence of premature atherosclerosis in glycogen storage disease Ia.

Journal: Journal of inherited metabolic disease 20071101

Title: A simple method for quantification of allopurinol and oxipurinol in human serum by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV-detection.

Journal: Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis 20071018

Title: Nitrite infusion in humans and nonhuman primates: endocrine effects, pharmacokinetics, and tolerance formation.

Journal: Circulation 20071016

Title: Role of xanthine oxidoreductase in the reversal of diastolic heart failure by candesartan in the salt-sensitive hypertensive rat.

Journal: Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) 20071001

Title: Studies on bi-layer osmotic pump tablets of water-insoluble allopurinol with large dose: in vitro and in vivo.

Journal: Drug development and industrial pharmacy 20070901

Title: Endothelin-1 in humans is increased by oxygen-derived radicals ex vivo and in vivo.

Journal: Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research 20070901

Title: The role of ATP and adenosine in the brain under normoxic and ischemic conditions.

Journal: Purinergic signalling 20070901

Title: Crocetin attenuates palmitate-induced insulin insensitivity and disordered tumor necrosis factor-alpha and adiponectin expression in rat adipocytes.

Journal: British journal of pharmacology 20070701

Title: Reactive oxygen species mediate a cellular 'memory' of high glucose stress signalling.

Journal: Diabetologia 20070701

Title: Single exposure gamma-irradiation amplifies xanthine oxidase activity and induces endothelial dysfunction in rat aorta.

Journal: Radiation and environmental biophysics 20070601

Title: Halocynthiaxanthin and peridinin sensitize colon cancer cell lines to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand.

Journal: Molecular cancer research : MCR 20070601

Title: Letter by Kielstein et al regarding article, 'High-dose allopurinol improves endothelial function by profoundly reducing vascular oxidative stress and not by lowering uric acid'.

Journal: Circulation 20070508

Title: Angiotensin II induces endothelial xanthine oxidase activation: role for endothelial dysfunction in patients with coronary disease.

Journal: Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 20070401

Title: Glucose down-regulation of cGMP-dependent protein kinase I expression in vascular smooth muscle cells involves NAD(P)H oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species.

Journal: Free radical biology & medicine 20070315

Title: Brain ECF antioxidant interactions in hamsters during arousal from hibernation.

Journal: Behavioural brain research 20070312

Title: Postanoxic damage of microglial cells is mediated by xanthine oxidase and cyclooxygenase.

Journal: Free radical research 20070201

Title: Three distinct mechanisms generate oxygen free radicals in neurons and contribute to cell death during anoxia and reoxygenation.

Journal: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 20070131

Title: Shear stress stabilizes NF-E2-related factor 2 and induces antioxidant genes in endothelial cells: role of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species.

Journal: Free radical biology & medicine 20070115

Title: Nitric oxide synthase reduces nitrite to NO under anoxia.

Journal: Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 20070101

Title: A long-term 'memory' of HIF induction in response to chronic mild decreased oxygen after oxygen normalization.

Journal: BMC cardiovascular disorders 20070101

Title: Rasburicase represents a new tool for hyperuricemia in tumor lysis syndrome and in gout.

Journal: International journal of medical sciences 20070101

Title: Effect of high-salt diet on vascular relaxation and oxidative stress in mesenteric resistance arteries.

Journal: Journal of vascular research 20070101

Title: Preferential inhibition of xanthine oxidase by 2-amino-6-hydroxy-8-mercaptopurine and 2-amino-6-purine thiol.

Journal: BMC biochemistry 20070101

Title: Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of allopurinol and oxypurinol.

Journal: Clinical pharmacokinetics 20070101

Title: Platelet-derived exosomes induce endothelial cell apoptosis through peroxynitrite generation: experimental evidence for a novel mechanism of septic vascular dysfunction.

Journal: Critical care (London, England) 20070101

Title: Allopurinol dosing in renal impairment: walking the tightrope between adequate urate lowering and adverse events.

Journal: Seminars in dialysis 20070101

Title: Sustained stress response after oxidative stress in trabecular meshwork cells.

Journal: Molecular vision 20070101

Title: Clinical trials update from the Heart Failure Society of America meeting: FIX-CHF-4, selective cardiac myosin activator and OPT-CHF.

Journal: European journal of heart failure 20061101

Title: Case 8: initiation of urate-lowering therapy for standard advanced gout.

Journal: The American journal of medicine 20061101

Title: European Academy of Paediatrics, Barcelona, Spain, October 7-10, 2006. Abstracts.

Journal: European journal of pediatrics 20061101

Title: Inhibition of xanthine oxidase improves myocardial contractility in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy.

Journal: Free radical biology & medicine 20061015

Title: The effect of xanthine oxidase inhibition upon ejection fraction in heart failure patients: La Plata Study.

Journal: Journal of cardiac failure 20060901

Title: Chemo- and regioselective functionalization of uracil derivatives. Applications to the synthesis of oxypurinol and emivirine.

Journal: Organic letters 20060817

Title: Century-long synchrony of fossil algae in a chain of Canadian prairie lakes.

Journal: Ecology 20060701

Title: Superoxide radical production by allopurinol and xanthine oxidase.

Journal: Biochemical pharmacology 20060614

Title: Micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatographic method for the quantitative analysis of uricosuric and antigout drugs in pharmaceutical preparations.

Journal: Electrophoresis 20060601

Title: Acute inhibition of the endogenous xanthine oxidase improves renal hemodynamics in hypercholesterolemic pigs.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology 20060301

Title: TNF-alpha contributes to endothelial dysfunction in ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Journal: Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 20060301

Title: Acute depletion of reduced glutathione causes extensive carbonylation of rat brain proteins.

Journal: Journal of neuroscience research 20060301

Title: Therapeutic effects of xanthine oxidase inhibitors: renaissance half a century after the discovery of allopurinol.

Journal: Pharmacological reviews 20060301

Title: Effects of allopurinol on beer-induced increases in plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of purine bases (uric acid, hypoxanthine, and xanthine).

Journal: Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme 20060301

Title: Xanthine oxidoreductase inhibition causes reverse remodeling in rats with dilated cardiomyopathy.

Journal: Circulation research 20060203

Title: Xanthine oxidase inhibitors improve energetics and function after infarction in failing mouse hearts.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 20060201

Title: Plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of purine bases (uric acid, hypoxanthine, and xanthine) and oxypurinol after rigorous exercise.

Journal: Metabolism: clinical and experimental 20060101

Title: A concise history of gout and hyperuricemia and their treatment.

Journal: Arthritis research & therapy 20060101

Title: Recent developments in our understanding of the renal basis of hyperuricemia and the development of novel antihyperuricemic therapeutics.

Journal: Arthritis research & therapy 20060101

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Journal: Zhurnal obshchei biologii 20060101

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Journal: Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals 20051201

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Title: Oxypurinol improves coronary and peripheral endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease.

Journal: Free radical biology & medicine 20051101

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Journal: Vascular pharmacology 20051001

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Journal: The Israel Medical Association journal : IMAJ 20051001

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Journal: Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics 20050801

Title: Transplacental effects of allopurinol on suppression of oxygen free radical production in chronically instrumented fetal lamb brains during intermittent umbilical cord occlusion.

Journal: The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians 20050701

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Journal: Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences 20050525

Title: Selectivity of febuxostat, a novel non-purine inhibitor of xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase.

Journal: Life sciences 20050304

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Journal: Circulation research 20050218

Title: Sulfonylurea as well as elevated glucose levels stimulate reactive oxygen species production in the pancreatic beta-cell line, MIN6-a role of NAD(P)H oxidase in beta-cells.

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Journal: Contributions to nephrology 20050101

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Journal: Molecular membrane biology 20050101

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Journal: Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology 20050101

Title: Rationale, design and organisation of an efficacy and safety study of oxypurinol added to standard therapy in patients with NYHA class III - IV congestive heart failure.

Journal: Expert opinion on investigational drugs 20041101

Title: Are allopurinol and metabolites found in HPRT deficient erythrocytes responsible for increased NAD synthesis?

Journal: Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids 20041001

Title: Potential role of mycophenolate mofetil in the management of neuroblastoma patients.

Journal: Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids 20041001

Title: Binding of xanthine oxidase to glycosaminoglycans limits inhibition by oxypurinol.

Journal: The Journal of biological chemistry 20040903

Title: The use of pigment 'fingerprints' in the study of harmful algal blooms.

Journal: Revista de biologia tropical 20040901

Title: Effect of simultaneous inhibition of TNF-alpha production and xanthine oxidase in experimental acute pancreatitis: the role of mitogen activated protein kinases.

Journal: Annals of surgery 20040701

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Journal: Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 20040601

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Journal: Environmental health perspectives 20040601

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Journal: Diabetes 20040501

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Journal: Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences 20040425

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Journal: The Journal of physiology 20040316

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Journal: Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry 20040101

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Journal: Drugs in R&D 20040101

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Journal: Drugs 20040101

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Journal: Acta biochimica Polonica 20040101

Title: Development of a capillary electrophoresis method for the determination of allopurinol and its active metabolite oxypurinol.

Journal: Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences 20031225

Title: Role of xanthine oxidoreductase and NAD(P)H oxidase in endothelial superoxide production in response to oscillatory shear stress.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 20031201

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Journal: Experimental physiology 20031101

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Journal: Cardiovascular research 20030901

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Journal: Cardiovascular research 20030901

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Journal: Cardiovascular research 20030901

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Journal: Free radical research 20030701

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Journal: Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis 20030601

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Journal: Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics 20030601

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Journal: Cardiovascular research 20030601

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Journal: Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology 20030501

Title: Xanthine oxidase-catalyzed metabolism of 2-nitrofluorene, a carcinogenic air pollutant, in rat skin.

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Journal: Biochemistry 20030204

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Journal: American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology 20030101

Title: Further studies on the use of allopurinol to reduce plasma uric acid concentrations in the Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) hyperuricaemic model.

Journal: Avian pathology : journal of the W.V.P.A 20021201

Title: The impairment of endothelium-dependent arterial relaxation by 7-ketocholesterol is associated with an early activation of protein kinase C.

Journal: British journal of pharmacology 20021101

Title: Effect of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist losartan on uric acid and oxypurine metabolism in healthy subjects.

Journal: Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 20021001

Title: Xanthine oxidase, but not neutrophils, contributes to activation of cardiac sympathetic afferents during myocardial ischaemia in cats.

Journal: The Journal of physiology 20020815

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Title: Ischemia-reperfusion injury of retinal endothelium by cyclooxygenase- and xanthine oxidase-derived superoxide.

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Journal: Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 20020101

Title: Crystal structures of the active and alloxanthine-inhibited forms of xanthine dehydrogenase from Rhodobacter capsulatus.

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Journal: Metabolism: clinical and experimental 20011001

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SDS
Tags:2465-59-0 Molecular Formula|2465-59-0 MDL|2465-59-0 SMILES|2465-59-0 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-4,6-diol
Catalog No.: AA002OVA
2465-59-0,MFCD00056934
2465-59-0 | 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-4,6-diol
Pack Size: 250mg
Purity: 98%
in stock
$25.00 $18.00
Pack Size: 1g
Purity: 98%
in stock
$68.00 $48.00
Pack Size: 5g
Purity: 98%
in stock
$191.00 $134.00
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Technical Information
Catalog Number: AA002OVA
Chemical Name: 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-4,6-diol
CAS Number: 2465-59-0
Molecular Formula: C5H4N4O2
Molecular Weight: 152.1109
MDL Number: MFCD00056934
SMILES: O=c1[nH]c(=O)c2c([nH]1)[nH]nc2
NSC Number: 76239
Properties
BP: 662.9°C at 760 mmHg  
Form: Solid  
MP: 300 °C  
Refractive Index: 1.8500 (estimate)  
Solubility: Soluble in DMSO.  
Storage: Keep in dry area;Room Temperature;  
Complexity: 217  
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1  
Heavy Atom Count: 11  
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3  
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 3  
XLogP3: -0.9  
Literature fold

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Title: Allopurinol and oxypurinol promote osteoblast differentiation and increase bone formation.

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Title: Systemic drugs inducing non-immediate cutaneous adverse reactions and contact sensitizers evoke similar responses in THP-1 cells.

Journal: Journal of applied toxicology : JAT20150401

Title: Inhibition of xanthine oxidase reduces wasting and improves outcome in a rat model of cancer cachexia.

Journal: International journal of cancer20121101

Title: Inhibition of XO or NOX attenuates diethylstilbestrol-induced endothelial nitric oxide deficiency without affecting its effects on LNCaP cell invasion and apoptosis.

Journal: Clinical science (London, England : 1979)20121001

Title: The pharmacokinetics of oxypurinol in people with gout.

Journal: British journal of clinical pharmacology20120901

Title: Furosemide increases plasma oxypurinol without lowering serum urate--a complex drug interaction: implications for clinical practice.

Journal: Rheumatology (Oxford, England)20120901

Title: Stereoselective total synthesis of the acetylenic carotenoids alloxanthin and triophaxanthin.

Journal: Organic & biomolecular chemistry20120528

Title: Oxypurinol, allopurinol and allopurinol-1-riboside in plasma following an acute overdose of allopurinol in a patient with advanced chronic kidney disease.

Journal: British journal of clinical pharmacology20120501

Title: Relationships among hyperuricemia, endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications.

Journal: Journal of cardiology20120501

Title: Novel role of NOX in supporting aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells with mitochondrial dysfunction and as a potential target for cancer therapy.

Journal: PLoS biology20120501

Title: Oxidative and nitrosative stress in acute pancreatitis. Modulation by pentoxifylline and oxypurinol.

Journal: Biochemical pharmacology20120101

Title: Two brothers with skewed thiopurine metabolism in ulcerative colitis treated successfully with allopurinol and mercaptopurine dose reduction.

Journal: Digestive diseases and sciences20120101

Title: Non-photochemical quenching in cryptophyte alga Rhodomonas salina is located in chlorophyll a/c antennae.

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Title: Gout and the risk for incident heart failure and systolic dysfunction.

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Title: Different inhibitory potency of febuxostat towards mammalian and bacterial xanthine oxidoreductases: insight from molecular dynamics.

Journal: Scientific reports20120101

Title: Development of film dosage form containing allopurinol for prevention and treatment of oral mucositis.

Journal: ISRN pharmaceutics20120101

Title: Prevention of postoperative atrial fibrillation: novel and safe strategy based on the modulation of the antioxidant system.

Journal: Frontiers in physiology20120101

Title: Hypoxic-ischemic injury in the developing brain: the role of reactive oxygen species originating in mitochondria.

Journal: Neurology research international20120101

Title: Benthic cyanobacterial mats in the high arctic: multi-layer structure and fluorescence responses to osmotic stress.

Journal: Frontiers in microbiology20120101

Title: Redox proteomics identification of oxidatively modified myocardial proteins in human heart failure: implications for protein function.

Journal: PloS one20120101

Title: Oxidative stress and heart failure in altered thyroid States.

Journal: TheScientificWorldJournal20120101

Title: Xanthine oxidase and uric Acid in atrial fibrillation.

Journal: Frontiers in physiology20120101

Title: An unusual presentation of tumor lysis syndrome in a patient with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma: case report and literature review.

Journal: Case reports in medicine20120101

Title: Mechanism of oxidative stress in neurodegeneration.

Journal: Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity20120101

Title: Allopurinol-induced DRESS syndrome.

Journal: Indian journal of pharmacology20120101

Title: Eicosapentaenoic acid and oxypurinol in the treatment of muscle wasting in a mouse model of cancer cachexia.

Journal: PloS one20120101

Title: 4-Amino-6-hydroxypyrazolo [3,4-d]pyrimidine (AHPP) conjugated PEG micelles: water soluble polymeric xanthine oxidase inhibitor.

Journal: Journal of drug targeting20111201

Title: Abstracts of the 6th cachexia conference, milan, Italy, december 8-10, 2011.

Journal: Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle20111201

Title: HZE ⁵⁶Fe-ion irradiation induces endothelial dysfunction in rat aorta: role of xanthine oxidase.

Journal: Radiation research20111001

Title: Amelioration of ischemia-reperfusion injury in an isolated rabbit lung model using OXANOH.

Journal: Vascular and endovascular surgery20111001

Title: Relationship between serum urate and plasma oxypurinol in the management of gout: determination of minimum plasma oxypurinol concentration to achieve a target serum urate level.

Journal: Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics20110901

Title: Improving the use of allopurinol in chronic gout: monitoring oxypurinol levels to guide therapy.

Journal: Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics20110901

Title: Allopurinol reduces the lethality associated with acute renal failure induced by Crotalus durissus terrificus snake venom: comparison with probenecid.

Journal: PLoS neglected tropical diseases20110901

Title: Nox2-derived ROS in PPARγ signaling and cell-cycle progression of lung alveolar epithelial cells.

Journal: Free radical biology & medicine20110801

Title: Lack of effect of hydrochlorothiazide and low-dose aspirin on the renal clearance of urate and oxypurinol after a single dose of allopurinol in normal volunteers.

Journal: European journal of clinical pharmacology20110701

Title: High light stress and the one-helix LHC-like proteins of the cryptophyte Guillardia theta.

Journal: Biochimica et biophysica acta20110701

Title: Febuxostat inhibition of endothelial-bound XO: implications for targeting vascular ROS production.

Journal: Free radical biology & medicine20110701

Title: A new method for the quantification of superoxide dismutase mimics with an allopurinol-xanthine oxidase-lucigenin enhanced system.

Journal: Journal of biological inorganic chemistry : JBIC : a publication of the Society of Biological Inorganic Chemistry20110601

Title: Effects of bovine milk ingestion on urinary excretion of oxypurinol and uric acid.

Journal: International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics20110601

Title: A repeated oral administration study of febuxostat (TMX-67), a non-purine-selective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, in patients with impaired renal function in Japan: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study.

Journal: Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases20110601

Title: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction between allopurinol and probenecid in patients with gout.

Journal: The Journal of rheumatology20110501

Title: Target validation: linking target and chemical properties to desired product profile.

Journal: Current topics in medicinal chemistry20110501

Title: Inhibition of xanthine oxidase reduces hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and improves mitochondrial alterations in skeletal muscle of diabetic mice.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism20110301

Title: The role of vascular myoglobin in nitrite-mediated blood vessel relaxation.

Journal: Cardiovascular research20110215

Title: Using allopurinol above the dose based on creatinine clearance is effective and safe in patients with chronic gout, including those with renal impairment.

Journal: Arthritis and rheumatism20110201

Title: 2-Deoxy-D-glucose treatment of endothelial cells induces autophagy by reactive oxygen species-mediated activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase.

Journal: PloS one20110101

Title: A linguistic rule-based approach to extract drug-drug interactions from pharmacological documents.

Journal: BMC bioinformatics20110101

Title: Evolution of light-harvesting complex proteins from Chl c-containing algae.

Journal: BMC evolutionary biology20110101

Title: Postmyocardial infarct remodeling and heart failure: potential contributions from pro- and antiaging factors.

Journal: Cardiology research and practice20110101

Title: Carotenoids in marine animals.

Journal: Marine drugs20110101

Title: Impairment by hypoxia or hypoxia/reoxygenation of nitric oxide-mediated relaxation in isolated monkey coronary artery: the role of intracellular superoxide.

Journal: Journal of pharmacological sciences20110101

Title: Tophaceous gout and renal insufficiency: a new solution for an old therapeutic dilemma.

Journal: Case reports in medicine20110101

Title: Carotenoids in algae: distributions, biosyntheses and functions.

Journal: Marine drugs20110101

Title: Chronic kidney disease in gout in a managed care setting.

Journal: BMC nephrology20110101

Title: Carotenoids in marine invertebrates living along the Kuroshio current coast.

Journal: Marine drugs20110101

Title: Does allopurinol prevent post endoscopic retrograde cholangio- pancreatography pancreatitis? A randomized double blind trial.

Journal: Acta medica Iranica20110101

Title: Allopurinol causing drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome: a challenging diagnosis.

Journal: International journal of general medicine20110101

Title: Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of the methanolic extracts of selected Jordanian medicinal plants.

Journal: Pharmacognosy magazine20110101

Title: Inactivation of adenosine A2A receptor attenuates basal and angiotensin II-induced ROS production by Nox2 in endothelial cells.

Journal: The Journal of biological chemistry20101217

Title: Allopurinol does not decrease blood pressure or prevent the development of hypertension in the deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt rat model.

Journal: Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology20101201

Title: Pharmacological neuroprotection after perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.

Journal: Current neuropharmacology20101201

Title: Allopurinol reduces oxidative stress in the ovine fetal cardiovascular system after repeated episodes of ischemia-reperfusion.

Journal: Pediatric research20101101

Title: Comparative pharmacology of chemically distinct NADPH oxidase inhibitors.

Journal: British journal of pharmacology20101001

Title: Oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in aortas of aged spontaneously hypertensive rats by NOX1/2 is reversed by NADPH oxidase inhibition.

Journal: Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)20100901

Title: Measurement of urinary oxypurinol by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Journal: Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences20100901

Title: Abstracts of the 5(th) Cachexia Conference, Barcelona, Spain, December 5-8, 2009.

Journal: Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle20100901

Title: Effect of high-dose allopurinol on exercise in patients with chronic stable angina: a randomised, placebo controlled crossover trial.

Journal: Lancet (London, England)20100619

Title: Delayed treatment effects of xanthine oxidase inhibition on systolic overload-induced left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction.

Journal: Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids20100601

Title: Ischemia-reperfusion injury of the cochlea: pharmacological strategies for cochlear protection and implications of glutamate and reactive oxygen species.

Journal: Current neuropharmacology20100601

Title: Carotenoids in clams, Ruditapes philippinarum and Meretrix petechialis.

Journal: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry20100512

Title: Dietary inhibition of xanthine oxidase attenuates radiation-induced endothelial dysfunction in rat aorta.

Journal: Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)20100501

Title: Caloric restriction reverses high-fat diet-induced endothelial dysfunction and vascular superoxide production in C57Bl/6 mice.

Journal: Heart and vessels20100501

Title: Involvement of NADPH oxidase in age-associated cardiac remodeling.

Journal: Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology20100401

Title: Tissue protective effect of xanthine oxidase inhibitor, polymer conjugate of (styrene-maleic acid copolymer) and (4-amino-6-hydroxypyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine), on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Journal: Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.)20100401

Title: NOX2 is the primary source of angiotensin II-induced superoxide in the macula densa.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology20100301

Title: Mechanism of neurodegeneration of neurons with mitochondrial DNA mutations.

Journal: Brain : a journal of neurology20100301

Title: Sildenafil protects epithelial cell through the inhibition of xanthine oxidase and the impairment of ROS production.

Journal: Free radical research20100201

Title: Effect of xanthine oxidase-generated extracellular superoxide on skeletal muscle force generation.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology20100101

Title: Management of hyperuricemia in gout: focus on febuxostat.

Journal: Clinical interventions in aging20100101

Title: Oxidative stress in NSC-741909-induced apoptosis of cancer cells.

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Journal: PloS one20100101

Title: NADPH oxidase 2-derived reactive oxygen species mediate FFAs-induced dysfunction and apoptosis of β-cells via JNK, p38 MAPK and p53 pathways.

Journal: PloS one20100101

Title: Allopurinol and global left myocardial function in heart failure patients.

Journal: Journal of cardiovascular disease research20100101

Title: Signaling of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in Diabetes mellitus.

Journal: Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity20100101

Title: Advances in the management of gout: critical appraisal of febuxostat in the control of hyperuricemia.

Journal: International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease20100101

Title: New and improved strategies for the treatment of gout.

Journal: International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease20100101

Title: Influence on energy kinetics and histology of different preservation solutions seen during cold ischemia in the liver.

Journal: Transplantation proceedings20091201

Title: Coccomyxa sp. (chlorophyta: chlorococcales), a new pathogen in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) of Vigo estuary (Galicia, NW Spain).

Journal: Journal of invertebrate pathology20091101

Title: Preservation of cardiac contractility after long-term therapy with oxypurinol in post-ischemic heart failure in mice.

Journal: European journal of pharmacology20091025

Title: Adenosine neuromodulation and traumatic brain injury.

Journal: Current neuropharmacology20090901

Title: Maternal allopurinol during fetal hypoxia lowers cord blood levels of the brain injury marker S-100B.

Journal: Pediatrics20090701

Title: The OPT-CHF (Oxypurinol Therapy for Congestive Heart Failure) trial: a question of dose.

Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology20090623

Title: A randomised controlled trial on the efficacy and tolerability with dose escalation of allopurinol 300-600 mg/day versus benzbromarone 100-200 mg/day in patients with gout.

Journal: Annals of the rheumatic diseases20090601

Title: Simultaneous electrochemical monitoring of metabolites related to the xanthine oxidase pathway using a grinded carbon electrode.

Journal: Analytical chemistry20090601

Title: Palmitate induces insulin resistance in H4IIEC3 hepatocytes through reactive oxygen species produced by mitochondria.

Journal: The Journal of biological chemistry20090529

Title: [A fatal case of drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome due to allopurinol].

Journal: Arerugi = [Allergy]20090501

Title: Biochemical and mechanical dysfunction in a mouse model of desmin-related myopathy.

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Title: Acrolein activates matrix metalloproteinases by increasing reactive oxygen species in macrophages.

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Journal: Journal of structural and functional genomics20090401

Title: A critical reappraisal of allopurinol dosing, safety, and efficacy for hyperuricemia in gout.

Journal: Current rheumatology reports20090401

Title: Rat ventral prostate xanthine oxidase-mediated metabolism of acetaldehyde to acetyl radical.

Journal: Human & experimental toxicology20090401

Title: Mechanism of Substrate and Inhibitor Binding of Rhodobacter capsulatus Xanthine Dehydrogenase.

Journal: The Journal of biological chemistry20090327

Title: Ketohexokinase-dependent metabolism of fructose induces proinflammatory mediators in proximal tubular cells.

Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN20090301

Title: Xanthine oxidase contributes to mechanical ventilation-induced diaphragmatic oxidative stress and contractile dysfunction.

Journal: Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)20090201

Title: Role of neuronal NO synthase in regulating vascular superoxide levels and mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation.

Journal: Cardiovascular research20090201

Title: Pulmonary vasodilator responses to sodium nitrite are mediated by an allopurinol-sensitive mechanism in the rat.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology20090201

Title: Allopurinol-induced aplastic anemia in a patient with chronic kidney disease.

Journal: Clinical nephrology20090201

Title: NADPH oxidase has a directional response to shear stress.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology20090101

Title: Site directed mutagenesis of amino acid residues at the active site of mouse aldehyde oxidase AOX1.

Journal: PloS one20090101

Title: Role of urate, xanthine oxidase and the effects of allopurinol in vascular oxidative stress.

Journal: Vascular health and risk management20090101

Title: Effects of allopurinol and vitamin E on renal function in patients with cardiac coronary artery bypass grafts.

Journal: Vascular health and risk management20090101

Title: Gout. Novel therapies for treatment of gout and hyperuricemia.

Journal: Arthritis research & therapy20090101

Title: Bench-to-bedside review: Diaphragm muscle function in disuse and acute high-dose corticosteroid treatment.

Journal: Critical care (London, England)20090101

Title: Species-specific traits rather than resource partitioning mediate diversity effects on resource use.

Journal: PloS one20090101

Title: The role of urate and xanthine oxidase in vascular oxidative stress: future directions.

Journal: Therapeutics and clinical risk management20090101

Title: The potential for xanthine oxidase inhibition in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.

Journal: Cardiovascular psychiatry and neurology20090101

Title: Febuxostat: the evidence for its use in the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout.

Journal: Core evidence20090101

Title: Oxidative stress as a mediator of cardiovascular disease.

Journal: Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity20090101

Title: Effect of hypouricaemic and hyperuricaemic drugs on the renal urate efflux transporter, multidrug resistance protein 4.

Journal: British journal of pharmacology20081201

Title: Placental transfer and pharmacokinetics of allopurinol in late pregnant sows and their fetuses.

Journal: Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics20081201

Title: Febuxostat in the management of hyperuricemia and chronic gout: a review.

Journal: Therapeutics and clinical risk management20081201

Title: Ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats affects hydraulic conductivity in two phases that are temporally and mechanistically separate.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology20081101

Title: Xanthine oxidase inhibition with febuxostat attenuates systolic overload-induced left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction in mice.

Journal: Journal of cardiac failure20081101

Title: Effects of dietary sodium on reactive oxygen species formation and endothelial dysfunction in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice on high-fat diet.

Journal: Heart and vessels20081101

Title: Role of xanthine oxidase activation and reduced glutathione depletion in rhinovirus induction of inflammation in respiratory epithelial cells.

Journal: The Journal of biological chemistry20081017

Title: Dissociation between superoxide accumulation and nitroglycerin-induced tolerance.

Journal: The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics20081001

Title: Pigment alterations in the brown mussel Perna perna.

Journal: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & molecular biology20080801

Title: Phytoplankton abundance and pigment biomarkers in the oligotrophic, eastern Adriatic estuary.

Journal: Environmental monitoring and assessment20080701

Title: Nitric oxide production from nitrite occurs primarily in tissues not in the blood: critical role of xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase.

Journal: The Journal of biological chemistry20080627

Title: Impact of oxypurinol in patients with symptomatic heart failure. Results of the OPT-CHF study.

Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology20080617

Title: The ongoing search for a stratified medicine approach in heart failure.

Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology20080617

Title: Xanthine dehydrogenase processes retinol to retinoic acid in human mammary epithelial cells.

Journal: Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry20080601

Title: Effects of allopurinol on beer-induced increases in plasma concentrations of purine bases and uridine.

Journal: Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids20080601

Title: Mechanism of inhibition of xanthine oxidoreductase by allopurinol: crystal structure of reduced bovine milk xanthine oxidoreductase bound with oxipurinol.

Journal: Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids20080601

Title: Characterization and kinetics of the major purine transporters in Aspergillus fumigatus.

Journal: Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B20080401

Title: Potential sources of oxidative stress that induce postexercise proteinuria in rats.

Journal: Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)20080401

Title: Xanthine oxidase interaction with vascular endothelial growth factor in human endothelial cell angiogenesis.

Journal: Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994)20080401

Title: Optimizing therapy with allopurinol: factors limiting hypouricemic efficacy.

Journal: The American journal of the medical sciences20080301

Title: Pitfalls, prevention, and treatment of hyperuricemia during tumor lysis syndrome in the era of rasburicase (recombinant urate oxidase).

Journal: Biologics : targets & therapy20080301

Title: Chronic xanthine oxidase inhibition following myocardial infarction in rabbits: effects of early versus delayed treatment.

Journal: Life sciences20080227

Title: Higher therapeutic plasma oxypurinol concentrations might be required for gouty patients with chronic kidney disease.

Journal: Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases20080201

Title: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction between allopurinol and probenecid in healthy subjects.

Journal: Clinical pharmacokinetics20080101

Title: Suppressive effects of alloxanthin and diatoxanthin from Halocynthia roretzi on LPS-induced expression of pro-inflammatory genes in RAW264.7 cells.

Journal: Journal of oleo science20080101

Title: Allopurinol-induced recurrent DRESS syndrome: pathophysiology and treatment.

Journal: Renal failure20080101

Title: The role of urate and xanthine oxidase inhibitors in cardiovascular disease.

Journal: Cardiovascular therapeutics20080101

Title: Kinetics and ligand-binding preferences of Mycobacterium tuberculosis thymidylate synthases, ThyA and ThyX.

Journal: PloS one20080101

Title: [Usefulness of combination treatment using allopurinol and benzbromarone for gout and hyperuricemia accompanying renal dysfunction: kinetic analysis of oxypurinol].

Journal: Nihon Jinzo Gakkai shi20080101

Title: Advanced glycation end products and the absence of premature atherosclerosis in glycogen storage disease Ia.

Journal: Journal of inherited metabolic disease20071101

Title: A simple method for quantification of allopurinol and oxipurinol in human serum by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV-detection.

Journal: Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis20071018

Title: Nitrite infusion in humans and nonhuman primates: endocrine effects, pharmacokinetics, and tolerance formation.

Journal: Circulation20071016

Title: Role of xanthine oxidoreductase in the reversal of diastolic heart failure by candesartan in the salt-sensitive hypertensive rat.

Journal: Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)20071001

Title: Studies on bi-layer osmotic pump tablets of water-insoluble allopurinol with large dose: in vitro and in vivo.

Journal: Drug development and industrial pharmacy20070901

Title: Endothelin-1 in humans is increased by oxygen-derived radicals ex vivo and in vivo.

Journal: Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research20070901

Title: The role of ATP and adenosine in the brain under normoxic and ischemic conditions.

Journal: Purinergic signalling20070901

Title: Crocetin attenuates palmitate-induced insulin insensitivity and disordered tumor necrosis factor-alpha and adiponectin expression in rat adipocytes.

Journal: British journal of pharmacology20070701

Title: Reactive oxygen species mediate a cellular 'memory' of high glucose stress signalling.

Journal: Diabetologia20070701

Title: Single exposure gamma-irradiation amplifies xanthine oxidase activity and induces endothelial dysfunction in rat aorta.

Journal: Radiation and environmental biophysics20070601

Title: Halocynthiaxanthin and peridinin sensitize colon cancer cell lines to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand.

Journal: Molecular cancer research : MCR20070601

Title: Letter by Kielstein et al regarding article, 'High-dose allopurinol improves endothelial function by profoundly reducing vascular oxidative stress and not by lowering uric acid'.

Journal: Circulation20070508

Title: Angiotensin II induces endothelial xanthine oxidase activation: role for endothelial dysfunction in patients with coronary disease.

Journal: Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology20070401

Title: Glucose down-regulation of cGMP-dependent protein kinase I expression in vascular smooth muscle cells involves NAD(P)H oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species.

Journal: Free radical biology & medicine20070315

Title: Brain ECF antioxidant interactions in hamsters during arousal from hibernation.

Journal: Behavioural brain research20070312

Title: Postanoxic damage of microglial cells is mediated by xanthine oxidase and cyclooxygenase.

Journal: Free radical research20070201

Title: Three distinct mechanisms generate oxygen free radicals in neurons and contribute to cell death during anoxia and reoxygenation.

Journal: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience20070131

Title: Shear stress stabilizes NF-E2-related factor 2 and induces antioxidant genes in endothelial cells: role of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species.

Journal: Free radical biology & medicine20070115

Title: Nitric oxide synthase reduces nitrite to NO under anoxia.

Journal: Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS20070101

Title: A long-term 'memory' of HIF induction in response to chronic mild decreased oxygen after oxygen normalization.

Journal: BMC cardiovascular disorders20070101

Title: Rasburicase represents a new tool for hyperuricemia in tumor lysis syndrome and in gout.

Journal: International journal of medical sciences20070101

Title: Effect of high-salt diet on vascular relaxation and oxidative stress in mesenteric resistance arteries.

Journal: Journal of vascular research20070101

Title: Preferential inhibition of xanthine oxidase by 2-amino-6-hydroxy-8-mercaptopurine and 2-amino-6-purine thiol.

Journal: BMC biochemistry20070101

Title: Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of allopurinol and oxypurinol.

Journal: Clinical pharmacokinetics20070101

Title: Platelet-derived exosomes induce endothelial cell apoptosis through peroxynitrite generation: experimental evidence for a novel mechanism of septic vascular dysfunction.

Journal: Critical care (London, England)20070101

Title: Allopurinol dosing in renal impairment: walking the tightrope between adequate urate lowering and adverse events.

Journal: Seminars in dialysis20070101

Title: Sustained stress response after oxidative stress in trabecular meshwork cells.

Journal: Molecular vision20070101

Title: Clinical trials update from the Heart Failure Society of America meeting: FIX-CHF-4, selective cardiac myosin activator and OPT-CHF.

Journal: European journal of heart failure20061101

Title: Case 8: initiation of urate-lowering therapy for standard advanced gout.

Journal: The American journal of medicine20061101

Title: European Academy of Paediatrics, Barcelona, Spain, October 7-10, 2006. Abstracts.

Journal: European journal of pediatrics20061101

Title: Inhibition of xanthine oxidase improves myocardial contractility in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy.

Journal: Free radical biology & medicine20061015

Title: The effect of xanthine oxidase inhibition upon ejection fraction in heart failure patients: La Plata Study.

Journal: Journal of cardiac failure20060901

Title: Chemo- and regioselective functionalization of uracil derivatives. Applications to the synthesis of oxypurinol and emivirine.

Journal: Organic letters20060817

Title: Century-long synchrony of fossil algae in a chain of Canadian prairie lakes.

Journal: Ecology20060701

Title: Superoxide radical production by allopurinol and xanthine oxidase.

Journal: Biochemical pharmacology20060614

Title: Micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatographic method for the quantitative analysis of uricosuric and antigout drugs in pharmaceutical preparations.

Journal: Electrophoresis20060601

Title: Acute inhibition of the endogenous xanthine oxidase improves renal hemodynamics in hypercholesterolemic pigs.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology20060301

Title: TNF-alpha contributes to endothelial dysfunction in ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Journal: Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology20060301

Title: Acute depletion of reduced glutathione causes extensive carbonylation of rat brain proteins.

Journal: Journal of neuroscience research20060301

Title: Therapeutic effects of xanthine oxidase inhibitors: renaissance half a century after the discovery of allopurinol.

Journal: Pharmacological reviews20060301

Title: Effects of allopurinol on beer-induced increases in plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of purine bases (uric acid, hypoxanthine, and xanthine).

Journal: Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme20060301

Title: Xanthine oxidoreductase inhibition causes reverse remodeling in rats with dilated cardiomyopathy.

Journal: Circulation research20060203

Title: Xanthine oxidase inhibitors improve energetics and function after infarction in failing mouse hearts.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology20060201

Title: Plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of purine bases (uric acid, hypoxanthine, and xanthine) and oxypurinol after rigorous exercise.

Journal: Metabolism: clinical and experimental20060101

Title: A concise history of gout and hyperuricemia and their treatment.

Journal: Arthritis research & therapy20060101

Title: Recent developments in our understanding of the renal basis of hyperuricemia and the development of novel antihyperuricemic therapeutics.

Journal: Arthritis research & therapy20060101

Title: [The current concepts of functional role of carotenoids in the eukaryotic chloroplasts].

Journal: Zhurnal obshchei biologii20060101

Title: [Genetically determined gout: characteristics of the course].

Journal: TSitologiia i genetika20060101

Title: Purine catabolism in advanced carotid artery plaque.

Journal: Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids20060101

Title: Effects of enhanced UV-B on pigment-based phytoplankton biomass and composition of mesocosm-enclosed natural marine communities from three latitudes.

Journal: Photochemistry and photobiology20060101

Title: Involvement of uric acid transporter in increased renal clearance of the xanthine oxidase inhibitor oxypurinol induced by a uricosuric agent, benzbromarone.

Journal: Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals20051201

Title: Chronic heart failure: an overview of conventional treatment versus novel approaches.

Journal: Nature clinical practice. Cardiovascular medicine20051201

Title: Oxypurinol improves coronary and peripheral endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease.

Journal: Free radical biology & medicine20051101

Title: Role of oxidative stress in angiotensin-II mediated contraction of human conduit arteries in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Journal: Vascular pharmacology20051001

Title: Allopurinol-induced DRESS syndrome.

Journal: The Israel Medical Association journal : IMAJ20051001

Title: Allopurinol or oxypurinol in heart failure therapy - a promising new development or end of story?

Journal: Cardiovascular drugs and therapy20051001

Title: Involvement of molybdenum hydroxylases in reductive metabolism of nitro polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mammalian skin.

Journal: Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals20050901

Title: Atrial fibrillation increases production of superoxide by the left atrium and left atrial appendage: role of the NADPH and xanthine oxidases.

Journal: Circulation20050830

Title: Appropriate dosing regimen of allopurinol in Japanese patients.

Journal: Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics20050801

Title: Transplacental effects of allopurinol on suppression of oxygen free radical production in chronically instrumented fetal lamb brains during intermittent umbilical cord occlusion.

Journal: The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians20050701

Title: Simultaneous determination of 16 purine derivatives in urinary calculi by gradient reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection.

Journal: Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences20050525

Title: Selectivity of febuxostat, a novel non-purine inhibitor of xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase.

Journal: Life sciences20050304

Title: A defect of neuronal nitric oxide synthase increases xanthine oxidase-derived superoxide anion and attenuates the control of myocardial oxygen consumption by nitric oxide derived from endothelial nitric oxide synthase.

Journal: Circulation research20050218

Title: Sulfonylurea as well as elevated glucose levels stimulate reactive oxygen species production in the pancreatic beta-cell line, MIN6-a role of NAD(P)H oxidase in beta-cells.

Journal: Biochemical and biophysical research communications20050107

Title: Pharmacology of drugs for hyperuricemia. Mechanisms, kinetics and interactions.

Journal: Contributions to nephrology20050101

Title: Vascular ossification-calcification in metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and calciphylaxis-calcific uremic arteriolopathy: the emerging role of sodium thiosulfate.

Journal: Cardiovascular diabetology20050101

Title: Cloning and functional characterization of two bacterial members of the NAT/NCS2 family in Escherichia coli.

Journal: Molecular membrane biology20050101

Title: Comparative substrate recognition by bacterial and fungal purine transporters of the NAT/NCS2 family.

Journal: Molecular membrane biology20050101

Title: Gateways to clinical trials.

Journal: Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology20050101

Title: Rationale, design and organisation of an efficacy and safety study of oxypurinol added to standard therapy in patients with NYHA class III - IV congestive heart failure.

Journal: Expert opinion on investigational drugs20041101

Title: Are allopurinol and metabolites found in HPRT deficient erythrocytes responsible for increased NAD synthesis?

Journal: Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids20041001

Title: Potential role of mycophenolate mofetil in the management of neuroblastoma patients.

Journal: Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids20041001

Title: Binding of xanthine oxidase to glycosaminoglycans limits inhibition by oxypurinol.

Journal: The Journal of biological chemistry20040903

Title: The use of pigment 'fingerprints' in the study of harmful algal blooms.

Journal: Revista de biologia tropical20040901

Title: Effect of simultaneous inhibition of TNF-alpha production and xanthine oxidase in experimental acute pancreatitis: the role of mitogen activated protein kinases.

Journal: Annals of surgery20040701

Title: Stable compounds of cigarette smoke induce endothelial superoxide anion production via NADPH oxidase activation.

Journal: Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology20040601

Title: Race-specific differences in endothelial function: predisposition of African Americans to vascular diseases.

Journal: Circulation20040601

Title: Rationale for a new generation of indicators for coastal waters.

Journal: Environmental health perspectives20040601

Title: Insulin generates free radicals by an NAD(P)H, phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase-dependent mechanism in human skin fibroblasts ex vivo.

Journal: Diabetes20040501

Title: Liquid chromatographic method for the determination of uridine in human serum.

Journal: Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences20040425

Title: Xanthine oxidoreductase and cardiovascular disease: molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological implications.

Journal: The Journal of physiology20040316

Title: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein autoantibodies in patients with primary gout: effect of urate-lowering therapy.

Journal: Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry20040101

Title: Oxipurinol: alloxanthine, Oxyprim, oxypurinol.

Journal: Drugs in R&D20040101

Title: Management of acute and chronic gouty arthritis: present state-of-the-art.

Journal: Drugs20040101

Title: Nitric oxide -- superoxide cooperation in the regulation of renal Na(+),K(+)-ATPase.

Journal: Acta biochimica Polonica20040101

Title: Development of a capillary electrophoresis method for the determination of allopurinol and its active metabolite oxypurinol.

Journal: Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences20031225

Title: Role of xanthine oxidoreductase and NAD(P)H oxidase in endothelial superoxide production in response to oscillatory shear stress.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology20031201

Title: The role of free radicals in the muscle vasodilatation of systemic hypoxia in the rat.

Journal: Experimental physiology20031101

Title: A renaissance of positive inotropic interventions to treat heart failure?

Journal: Cardiovascular research20030901

Title: Disproportionate enhancement of myocardial contractility by the xanthine oxidase inhibitor oxypurinol in failing rat myocardium.

Journal: Cardiovascular research20030901

Title: NADPH oxidase and enhanced superoxide generation in intrauterine undernourished rats: involvement of the renin-angiotensin system.

Journal: Cardiovascular research20030901

Title: Confirmation of superoxide generation via xanthine oxidase in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.

Journal: Free radical research20030701

Title: Determination of allopurinol by micelle-stabilised room-temperature phosphorescence in real samples.

Journal: Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis20030601

Title: Facile and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography method for simultaneous determination of allopurinol and oxypurinol in human serum.

Journal: Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics20030601

Title: Differential regulation of xanthine and NAD(P)H oxidase by hypoxia in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Role of nitric oxide and adenosine.

Journal: Cardiovascular research20030601

Title: Effect of allopurinol pretreatment on free radical generation after primary coronary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction.

Journal: Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology20030501

Title: Xanthine oxidase-catalyzed metabolism of 2-nitrofluorene, a carcinogenic air pollutant, in rat skin.

Journal: Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals20030401

Title: Ischaemia-reperfusion injury in photodynamic therapy-treated mouse tumours.

Journal: British journal of cancer20030310

Title: Oxypurinol administration fails to prevent hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats.

Journal: Brain research bulletin20030215

Title: Deferoxamine, allopurinol and oxypurinol are not neuroprotective after oxygen/glucose deprivation in an organotypic hippocampal model, lacking functional endothelial cells.

Journal: Brain research20030214

Title: Characterization of the magnitude and kinetics of xanthine oxidase-catalyzed nitrate reduction: evaluation of its role in nitrite and nitric oxide generation in anoxic tissues.

Journal: Biochemistry20030204

Title: Late preconditioning by ethanol is initiated via an oxidant-dependent signaling pathway.

Journal: Free radical biology & medicine20030201

Title: Hyperoxia-induced NAD(P)H oxidase activation and regulation by MAP kinases in human lung endothelial cells.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology20030101

Title: Further studies on the use of allopurinol to reduce plasma uric acid concentrations in the Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) hyperuricaemic model.

Journal: Avian pathology : journal of the W.V.P.A20021201

Title: The impairment of endothelium-dependent arterial relaxation by 7-ketocholesterol is associated with an early activation of protein kinase C.

Journal: British journal of pharmacology20021101

Title: Effect of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist losartan on uric acid and oxypurine metabolism in healthy subjects.

Journal: Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan)20021001

Title: Xanthine oxidase, but not neutrophils, contributes to activation of cardiac sympathetic afferents during myocardial ischaemia in cats.

Journal: The Journal of physiology20020815

Title: Effects of angiotensin II infusion on renal excretion of purine bases and oxypurinol.

Journal: Metabolism: clinical and experimental20020701

Title: Ischemia-reperfusion injury of retinal endothelium by cyclooxygenase- and xanthine oxidase-derived superoxide.

Journal: Experimental eye research20020401

Title: Effect of a high-salt diet on oxidant enzyme activity in skeletal muscle microcirculation.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology20020201

Title: In vivo evidence for antioxidant potential of estrogen in microvessels of female spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Journal: Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)20020201

Title: Endogenous and endobiotic induced reactive oxygen species formation by isolated hepatocytes.

Journal: Free radical biology & medicine20020101

Title: Xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species convert flow-induced arteriolar dilation to constriction in hyperhomocysteinemia: possible role of peroxynitrite.

Journal: Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology20020101

Title: Crystal structures of the active and alloxanthine-inhibited forms of xanthine dehydrogenase from Rhodobacter capsulatus.

Journal: Structure (London, England : 1993)20020101

Title: [A case of allopurinol-induced muscular damage in a chronic renal failure patient].

Journal: Nihon Jinzo Gakkai shi20020101

Title: The oxpA5 mutation of Aspergillus nidulans is an allele of adB, the gene encoding adenylosuccinate synthetase.

Journal: Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG20011201

Title: [Hypersensitivity syndrome during therapy with allopurinol in asymptomatic hyperuricemia with a fatal outcome].

Journal: Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)20011123

Title: Relation between adverse events associated with allopurinol and renal function in patients with gout.

Journal: Annals of the rheumatic diseases20011001

Title: Effect of norepinephrine on the urinary excretion of purine bases and oxypurinol.

Journal: Metabolism: clinical and experimental20011001

Title: Effect of fenofibrate on plasma concentration and urinary excretion of purine bases and oxypurinol.

Journal: The Journal of rheumatology20011001

Title: Characterization of the magnitude and kinetics of xanthine oxidase-catalyzed nitrite reduction. Evaluation of its role in nitric oxide generation in anoxic tissues.

Journal: The Journal of biological chemistry20010706

Title: Cardioprotective effect of propranolol from alcohol-induced heart muscle damage as assessed by plasma cardiac troponin-t.

Journal: Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research20010601

Title: Oxidative stress and lipid retention in vascular grafts: comparison between venous and arterial conduits.

Journal: Circulation20010515

Title: Photoreactivation of alloxanthine-inhibited xanthine oxidase.

Journal: Photochemistry and photobiology20010401

Title: Bioequivalence of allopurinol and its metabolite oxipurinol in two tablet formulations.

Journal: Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics20010401

Title: Identification of a new point mutation in the human xanthine dehydrogenase gene responsible for a case of classical type I xanthinuria.

Journal: Human genetics20010401

Title: Elevated superoxide production by active H-ras enhances human lung WI-38VA-13 cell proliferation, migration and resistance to TNF-alpha.

Journal: Oncogene20010322

Title: Does xanthine oxidase contribute to the hydroxyl radical generation in ischemia and reperfusion of the cochlea?

Journal: Hearing research20010301

Title: Oxygen radicals mediate the final exacerbation of endothelin-1-induced gastric ulcer in rat.

Journal: European journal of pharmacology20010209

Title: Difficult gout and new approaches for control of hyperuricemia in the allopurinol-allergic patient.

Journal: Current rheumatology reports20010201

Title: Effect of furosemide on renal excretion of oxypurinol and purine bases.

Journal: Metabolism: clinical and experimental20010201

Title: Endothelial dysfunction and xanthine oxidoreductase activity in rats with human renin and angiotensinogen genes.

Journal: Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)20010201

Title: Sodium nitroprusside-induced seizure and taurine release from rat hippocampus.

Journal: Amino acids20000101

Title: Reactive oxygen metabolite-induced toxicity to cultured bovine endothelial cells: status of cellular iron in mediating injury.

Journal: Journal of cellular physiology19940701

Title: Effect of antiperoxidative drugs on gastric damage induced by ethanol in rats.

Journal: Life sciences19870810

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