2-Mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) is a versatile chemical compound with a range of applications in materials science and medicinal chemistry. Its significance is evident in its role in the synthesis of MBT-functionalized mesoporous silica, which serves as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of mercury (Hg(II)) from aqueous solutions, addressing environmental pollution challenges. Additionally, MBT finds utility as a reference compound in photocatalytic activity tests under UV or visible light irradiation, contributing to the evaluation of photoactive materials. Moreover, it serves as a valuable starting material for the synthesis of conjugates of MBT, facilitating studies on antitubercular activity and offering insights into the development of potential therapeutic agents. Furthermore, MBT acts as a key starting material for the synthesis of 4-thiazolidinones, a class of compounds with diverse pharmacological activities, underscoring its importance in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. With its multifaceted applications in materials science and medicinal chemistry, 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole emerges as a valuable compound for researchers exploring innovative solutions in various fields.