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1,10-Phenanthroline emerges as a versatile compound with diverse applications across various fields of chemistry. Firstly, it acts as a cathode buffer layer, enhancing the efficiency of organic solar cells by facilitating charge transport. Secondly, it serves as a conventional chelator, employed to investigate its effectiveness in the Fenton′s reaction-luminol chemiluminescence system, contributing to analytical chemistry studies. Additionally, 1,10-Phenanthroline acts as a ligand in mild, copper(II)-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, enabling the synthesis of aryl- and alkenylsulfones, valuable organic compounds. Moreover, it finds utility as a versatile ligand in spectrophotometric metal determination and photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide, crucial for environmental and analytical chemistry applications. Lastly, 1,10-Phenanthroline serves as a building block for metallomacrocycles, paving the way for the development of intricate molecular architectures with unique properties. Overall, its multifunctional properties make it indispensable in various chemical endeavors, from catalysis to materials science.